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VLMCSD(8) KMS Activation Manual VLMCSD(8)
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NAME
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vlmcsd - a fully Microsoft compatible KMS server
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SYNOPSIS
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vlmcsd [ options ]
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DESCRIPTION
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vlmcsd is a fully Microsoft compatible KMS server that provides product
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activation services to clients. It is meant as a drop-in replacement
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for a Microsoft KMS server (Windows computer with KMS key entered). It
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currently supports KMS protocol versions 4, 5 and 6.
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vlmcsd is designed to run on POSIX compatible operating systens. It
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only requires a basic C library with a BSD-style sockets API and either
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fork(2) or pthreads(7). That allows it to run on most embedded systems
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like routers, NASes, mobile phones, tablets, TVs, settop boxes, etc.
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Some efforts have been made that it also runs on Windows.
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Although vlmcsd does neither require an activation key nor a payment to
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anyone, it is not meant to run illegal copies of Windows. Its purpose
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is to ensure that owners of legal copies can use their software without
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restrictions, e.g. if you buy a new computer or motherboard and your
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key will be refused activation from Microsoft servers due to hardware
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changes.
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vlmcsd may be started via an internet superserver like inetd(8) or
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xinetd(8) as well as an advanced init system like systemd(8) or
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launchd(8) using socket based activation. If vlmcsd detects that
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stdin(3) is a socket, it assumes that there is already a connected
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client on stdin that wants to be activated.
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All options that control setting up listening sockets will be ignored
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when in inetd mode. The sockets will be set up by your internet super‐
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server. You also cannot limit the number of simultanous clients (option
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-m). You need to configure the limit in your internet superserver.
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The followong features that require that vlmcsd is permanently loaded
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will not work if started from an internet superserver:
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You cannot maintain a client list (option -M1)
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EPID Randomization Level 1 (option -r1) works like Level 2
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(-r2). You may want to use Level 0 (-r0) or custom EPIDs
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(options -w, -0, -3 and -6) instead.
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OPTIONS
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Since vlmcsd can be configured at compile time, some options may not be
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available on your system.
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All options that do no require an argument may be combined with a sin‐
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gle dash, for instance "vlmcsd -D -e" is identical to "vlmcsd -De". For
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all options that require an argument a space between the option and the
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option argument is optional. Thus "vlmcsd -r 2" and "vlmcsd -r2" are
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identical too.
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-h or -?
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Displays help.
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-V Displays extended version information. This includes the com‐
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piler used to build vlmcsd, the intended platform and flags
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(compile time options) to build vlmcsd. If you have the source
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code of vlmcsd, you can type make help (or gmake help on systems
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that do not use the GNU version of make(1) by default) to see
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the meaning of those flags.
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-L ipaddress[:port]
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Instructs vlmcsd to listen on ipaddress with optional port
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(default 1688). You can use this option more than once. If you
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do not specify -L at least once, IP addresses 0.0.0.0 (IPv4) and
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:: (IPv6) are used. If the IP address contains colons (IPv6) you
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must enclose the IP address in brackets if you specify the
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optional port, e.g. [2001:db8::dead:beef]:1688.
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If no port is specified, vlmcsd uses the default port according
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to a preceding -P option. If you specify a port, it can be a
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number (1-65535) or a name (usually found in /etc/services if
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not provided via LDAP, NIS+ or another name service).
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If you specify a link local IPv6 address (fe80::/10, usually
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starting with fe80::), it must be followed by a percent sign (%)
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and a scope id (=network interface name or number) on most
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unixoid OSses including Linux, Android, MacOS X and iOS, e.g.
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fe80::1234:56ff:fe78:9abc%eth0 or
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[fe80::1234:56ff:fe78:9abc%2]:1688. Windows (including cygwin)
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does not require a scope id unless the same link local address
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is used on more than one network interface. Windows does not
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accept a name and the scope id must be a number.
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-o level
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Sets the level of protection against activations from public IP
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addresses. The default is -o0 for no protection.
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-o1 causes vlmcsd not to listen on all IP addresses but on pri‐
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vate IP addresses only. IPv4 addresses in the 100.64.0.0/10
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range (see RFC6598) are not treated as private since they can be
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reached from other users of your ISP. Private IPv4 addresses are
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10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, 192.168.0.0/16, 169.254.0.0/16 and
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127.0.0.0/8. vlmcsd treats all IPv6 addresses not within
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2000::/3 as private addresses.
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If -o1 is combined with -L, it will listen on all private IP
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addresses plus the ones specified by one or more -L statements.
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If -o1 is combined with -P, only the last -P statement will be
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used.
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Using -o1 does not protect you if you enable NAT port forwarding
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on your router to your vlmcsd machine. It is identical to using
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multiple -L statements with all of your private IP addresses.
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What -o1 does for you, is automatically enumerating your private
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IP addresses.
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-o2 does not affect the interfaces, vlmcsd is listening on. When
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a clients connects, vlmcsd immediately drops the connection if
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the client has a public IP address. Unlike -o1 clients will be
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able to establish a TCP connection but it will be closed without
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a single byte sent over the connection. This protects against
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clients with public IP addresses even if NAT port forwarding is
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used. While -o2 offers a higher level of protection than -o1,
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the client sees that the KMS TCP port (1688 by default) is actu‐
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ally accepting connections.
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If vlmcsd is compiled to use MS RPC, -o2 can only offer very
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poor protection. Control is passed from MS RPC to vlmcsd after
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the KMS protocol has already been negotiated. Thus a client can
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always verify that the KMS protocol is available even though it
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receives an RPC_S_ACCESS_DENIED error message. vlmcsd will issue
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a warning if -o2 is used with MS RPC. For adaequate protection
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do not use a MS RPC build of vlmcsd with -o2.
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-o3 combines -o1 and -o2. vlmcsd listens on private interfaces
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only and if a public client manages to connect anyway due to NAT
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port forwarding, it will be immediately dropped.
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If you use any form of TCP level port forwarding (e.g. nc(1),
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netcat(1), ssh(1) port forwarding or similar) to redirect KMS
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requests to vlmcsd, there will be no protection even if you use
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-o2 or -o3. This is due to the simple fact that vlmcsd sees the
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IP address of the redirector and not the IP address of the
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client.
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-o1 (and thus -o3) is not (yet) available in some scenarios:
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FreeBSD: There is a longtime unfixed bug ⟨https://
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bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=178881⟩ in the
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32-bit ABI of the 64-bit kernel. If you have a 64-bit Free‐
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BSD kernel, you must run the 64-bit version of vlmcsd if
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you use -o1 or -o3. The 32-bit version causes undefined
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behavior up to crashing vlmcsd. Other BSDs (NetBSD, Open‐
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BSD, Dragonfly and Mac OS X) work correctly.
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If vlmcsd was started by an internet superserver or was
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compiled to use Microsoft RPC (Windows only) or simple
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sockets, -o1 and -o3 are not available by design.
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-P port
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Use TCP port for all subsequent -L statements that do not
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include an optional port. If you use -P and -L, -P must be spec‐
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ified before -L.
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-F0 and -F1
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Allow (-F1) or disallow (-F0) binding to IP addresses that are
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currently not configured on your system. The default is -F0. -F1
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allows you to bind to an IP address that may be configured after
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you started vlmcsd. vlmcsd will listen on that address as soon
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as it becomes available. This feature is only available under
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Linux (IPv4 and IPv6) and FreeBSD (IPv4 only). FreeBSD allows
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this feature only for the root user (more correctly: processes
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that have the PRIV_NETINET_BINDANY privilege). Linux does not
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require a capability for this.
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-t seconds
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Timeout the TCP connection with the client after seconds sec‐
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onds. After sending an activation request. RPC keeps the TCP
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connection for a while. The default is 30 seconds. You may spec‐
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ify a shorter period to free ressources on your device faster.
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This is useful for devices with limited main memory or if you
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used -m to limit the concurrent clients that may request activa‐
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tion. Microsoft RPC clients disconnect after 30 seconds by
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default. Setting seconds to a greater value does not make much
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sense.
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-m concurrent-clients
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Limit the number of clients that will be handled concurrently.
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This is useful for devices with limited ressources or if you are
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experiencing DoS attacks that spawn thousands of threads or
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forked processes. If additional clients connect to vlmcsd, they
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need to wait until another client disconnects. If you set con‐
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current-clients to a small value ( <10 ), you should also select
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a reasonable timeout of 2 or 3 seconds with -t. The default is
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no limit.
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-d Disconnect each client after processing one activation request.
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This is a direct violation of DCE RPC but may help if you
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receive malicous fake RPC requests that block your threads or
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forked processes. Some other KMS emulators (e.g. py-kms) behave
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this way.
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-k Do not disconnect clients after processing an activation
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request. This selects the default behavior. -k is useful only if
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you used an ini file (see vlmcsd.ini(5) and -i). If the ini file
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contains the line "DisconnectClientsImmediately = true", you can
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use this switch to restore the default behavior.
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-N0 and -N1
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Disables (-N0) or enables (-N1) the use of the NDR64 transfer
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syntax in the RPC protocol. Unlike Microsoft vlmcsd supports
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NDR64 on 32-bit operating systems. Microsoft introduced NDR64 in
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Windows Vista but their KMS servers started using it with Win‐
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dows 8. Thus if you choose random ePIDs, vlmcsd will select
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ePIDs with build numbers 9200 and 9600 if you enable NDR64 and
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build numbers 6002 and 7601 if you disable NDR64. The default is
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to enable NDR64.
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-B0 and -B1
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Disables (-B0) or enables (-B1) bind time feature negotiation
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(BTFN) in the RPC protocol. All Windows operating systems start‐
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ing with Vista support BTFN and try to negotiate it when initi‐
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ating an RPC connection. Thus consider turning it off as a debug
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/ troubleshooting feature only. Some older firewalls that selec‐
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tively block or redirect RPC traffic may get confused when they
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detect NDR64 or BTFN.
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-l filename
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Use filename as a log file. The log file records all activations
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with IP address, Windows workstation name (no reverse DNS
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lookup), activated product, KMS protocol, time and date. If you
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do not specify a log file, no log is created. For a live view of
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the log file type tail -f file.
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If you use the special filename "syslog", vlmcsd uses syslog(3)
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for logging. If your system has no syslog service (/dev/log)
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installed, logging output will go to /dev/console. Syslog log‐
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ging is not available in the native Windows version. The Cygwin
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version does support syslog logging.
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-T0 and -T1
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Disable (-T0) or enable (-T1) the inclusion of date and time in
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each line of the log. The default is -T1. -T0 is useful if you
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log to stdout(3) which is redirected to another logging mecha‐
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nism that already includes date and time in its output, for
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instance systemd-journald(8). If you log to syslog(3), -T1 is
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ignored and date and time will never be included in the output
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sent to syslog(3).
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-D Normally vlmcsd daemonizes and runs in background (except the
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native Windows version). If -D is specified, vlmcsd does not
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daemonize and runs in foreground. This is useful for testing and
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allows you to simply press <Ctrl-C> to exit vlmcsd.
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The native Windows version never daemonizes and always behaves
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as if -D had been specified. You may want to install vlmcsd as a
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service instead. See -s.
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-e If specified, vlmcsd ignores -l and writes all logging output to
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stdout(3). This is mainly useful for testing and debugging and
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often combined with -D.
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-v Use verbose logging. Logs every parameter of the base request
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and the base response. It also logs the HWID of the KMS server
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if KMS protocol version 6 is used. This option is mainly for
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debugging purposes. It only has an effect if some form of log‐
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ging is used. Thus -v does not make sense if not used with -l,
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-e or -f.
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-q Do not use verbose logging. This is actually the default behav‐
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ior. It only makes sense if you use vlmcsd with an ini file (see
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-i and vlmcsd.ini(5)). If the ini file contains the line
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"LogVerbose = true" you can use -q to restore the default behav‐
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ior.
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-p filename
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Create pid file filename. This has nothing to do with KMS ePIDs.
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A pid file is a file where vlmcsd writes its own process id.
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This is used by standard init scripts (typically found in
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/etc/init.d). The default is not to write a pid file.
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-u user and -g group
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Causes vlmcsd to run in the specified user and group security
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context. The main purpose for this is to drop root privileges
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after it has been started from the root account. To use this
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feature from cygwin you must run cyglsa-config and the account
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from which vlmcsd is started must have the rights "Act as part
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of the operating system" and "Replace a process level token".
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The native Windows version does not support these options.
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The actual security context switch is performed after the TCP
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sockets have been created. This allows you to use privileged
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ports (< 1024) when you start vlmcsd from the root account.
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However if you use an ini, pid or log file, you must ensure that
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the unprivileged user has access to these files. You can always
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log to syslog(3) from an unprivileged account on most platforms
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(see -l).
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-w ePID
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Use ePID as Windows ePID. If specified, -r is disregarded for
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Windows.
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-0 ePID
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Use ePID as Office 2010 ePID (including Project and Visio). If
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specified, -r is disregarded for Office 2010.
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-3 ePID
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Use ePID as Office 2013 ePID (including Project and Visio). If
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specified, -r is disregarded for Office 2013.
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-6 ePID
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Use ePID as Office 2016 ePID (including Project and Visio). If
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specified, -r is disregarded for Office 2016.
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-H HwId
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Use HwId for all products. All HWIDs in the ini file (see -i)
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will not be used. In an ini file you can specify a seperate HWID
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for each application-guid. This is not possible when entering a
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HWID from the command line.
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HwId must be specified as 16 hex digits that are interpreted as
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a series of 8 bytes (big endian). Any character that is not a
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hex digit will be ignored. This is for better readability. The
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following commands are identical:
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vlmcsd -H 0123456789ABCDEF
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vlmcsd -H 01:23:45:67:89:ab:cd:ef
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vlmcsd -H "01 23 45 67 89 AB CD EF"
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-i filename
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Use configuration file (aka ini file) filename. Most configura‐
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tion parameters can be set either via the command line or an ini
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file. The command line always has precedence over configuration
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items in the ini file. See vlmcsd.ini(5) for the format of the
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configuration file.
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If vlmcsd has been compiled to use a default configuration file
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(often /etc/vlmcsd.ini), you may use -i- to ignore the default
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configuration file.
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-j filename
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Use KMS data file filename. By default vlmcsd only contains the
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minimum product data that is required to perform all operations
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correctly. You may use a more complete KMS data file that con‐
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tains all detailed product names. This is especially useful if
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you are logging KMS requests. If you don't log, there is no need
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to load an external KMS data file.
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If vlmcsd has been compiled to use a default KMS data file, you
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may use -j- to ignore the default configuration file.
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-r0, -r1 (default) and -r2
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These options determine how ePIDs are generated if
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- you did not sprecify an ePID in the command line and
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- you haven't used -i or
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- the file specified by -i cannot be opened or
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- the file specified by -i does not contain an ePID for the KMS
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request
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-r0 means there are no random ePIDs. vlmcsd simply issues
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default ePIDs that are built into the binary at compile time.
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Pro: behaves like real KMS server that also always issues the
|
|
|
same ePID. Con: Microsoft may start blacklisting again and the
|
|
|
default ePID may not work any longer.
|
|
|
|
|
|
-r1 instructs vlmcsd to generate random ePIDs when the program
|
|
|
starts or receives a SIGHUP signal and uses these ePIDs until it
|
|
|
is stopped or receives another SIGHUP. Most other KMS emulators
|
|
|
generate a new ePID on every KMS request. This is easily
|
|
|
detectable. Microsoft could just modify sppsvc.exe in a way that
|
|
|
it always sends two identical KMS requests in two RPC requests
|
|
|
but over the same TCP connection. If both KMS responses contain
|
|
|
the different ePIDs, the KMS server is not genuine. -r1 is the
|
|
|
default mode. -r1 also ensures that all three ePIDs (Windows,
|
|
|
Office 2010 and Office 2013) use the same OS build number and
|
|
|
LCID (language id).
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|
|
|
|
If vlmcsd has been started by an internet superserver, -r1 works
|
|
|
almost identically to -r2. The only exception occurs if you send
|
|
|
more than one activation request over the same TCP connection.
|
|
|
This is simply due to the fact that vlmcsd is started upon a
|
|
|
connection request and does not stay in memory after servicing a
|
|
|
KMS request. Consider using -r0 or -w, -0, -3 and -6 when start‐
|
|
|
ing vlmcsd by an internet superserver.
|
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|
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|
|
-r2 behaves like most other KMS server emulators with random
|
|
|
support and generates a new random ePID on every request. -r2
|
|
|
should be treated as debugging option only because it allows
|
|
|
very easy emulator detection.
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
-C LCID
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|
|
Do not randomize the locale id part of the ePID and use LCID
|
|
|
instead. The LCID must be specified as a decimal number, e.g.
|
|
|
1049 for "Russian - Russia". This option has no effect if the
|
|
|
ePID is not randomized at all, e.g. if it is selected from the
|
|
|
command line or an ini file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
By default vlmcsd generates a valid locale id that is recognized
|
|
|
by .NET Framework 4.0. This may lead to a locale id which is
|
|
|
unlikely to occur in your country, for instance 2155 for "Quecha
|
|
|
- Ecuador". You may want to select the locale id of your country
|
|
|
instead. See MSDN ⟨http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/goglobal/
|
|
|
bb964664.aspx⟩ for a list of valid LCIDs. Please note that some
|
|
|
of them are not recognized by .NET Framework 4.0.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Most other KMS emulators use a fixed LCID of 1033 (English -
|
|
|
US). To achive the same behavior in vlmcsd use -C 1033.
|
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|
|
-K0, -K1, -K2 and -K3
|
|
|
Sets the whitelisting level to determine which products vlmcsd
|
|
|
activates or refuses. The default is -K0.
|
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|
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|
|
-K0: activate all products with an unknown, retail or
|
|
|
beta/preview KMS ID.
|
|
|
-K1: activate products with a retail or beta/preview KMS ID
|
|
|
but refuse to activate products with an unknown KMS ID.
|
|
|
-K2: activate products with an unknown KMS ID but refuse
|
|
|
products with a retail or beta/preview KMS ID.
|
|
|
-K3: activate only products with a known volume license RTM
|
|
|
KMS ID and refuse all others.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The SKU ID is not checked. Like a genuine KMS server vlmcsd
|
|
|
activates a product that has a random or unknown SKU ID. If you
|
|
|
select -K1 or -K3, vlmcsd also checks the Application ID for
|
|
|
correctness. If Microsoft introduces a new KMS ID for a new
|
|
|
product, you cannot activate it if you used -K1 or -K3 until a
|
|
|
new version of vlmcsd is available.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-c0 and -c1
|
|
|
-c1 causes vlmcsd to check if the client time differs no more
|
|
|
than four hours from the system time. -c0 (the default) disables
|
|
|
this check. -c1 is useful to prevent emulator detection. A
|
|
|
client that tries to detect an emulator could simply send two
|
|
|
subsequent request with two time stamps that differ more than
|
|
|
four hours from each other. If both requests succeed, the server
|
|
|
is an emulator. If you specify -c1 on a system with no reliable
|
|
|
time source, activations will fail. It is ok to set the correct
|
|
|
system time after you started vlmcsd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-M0 and -M1
|
|
|
Disables (-M0) or enables (-M1) maintaining a list of client
|
|
|
machine IDs (CMIDs). The default is -M0. -M1 is useful to pre‐
|
|
|
vent emulator detection. By maintaing a CMID list, vlmcsd
|
|
|
reports current active clients exactly like a genuine KMS emula‐
|
|
|
tor. This includes bug compatibility to the extent that you can
|
|
|
permanently kill a genuine KMS emulator by sending an "over‐
|
|
|
charge request" with a required client count of 376 or more and
|
|
|
then request activation for 671 clients. vlmcsd can be reset
|
|
|
from this condition by restarting it. If -M0 is used, vlmcsd
|
|
|
reports current active clients as good as possible. If no client
|
|
|
sends an "overcharge request", it is not possible to detect vlm‐
|
|
|
csd as an emulator with -M0. -M1 requires the allocation of a
|
|
|
buffer that is about 50 kB in size. On hardware with few memory
|
|
|
resources use it only if you really need it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you start vlmcsd from an internet superserver, -M1 cannot be
|
|
|
used. Since vlmcsd exits after each activation, it cannot main‐
|
|
|
tain any state in memory.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-E0 and -E1
|
|
|
These options are ignored if you do not also specify -M1. If you
|
|
|
use -E0 (the default), vlmcsd starts up as a fully "charged" KMS
|
|
|
server. Clients activate immediately. -E1 lets you start up vlm‐
|
|
|
csd with an empty CMID list. Activation will start when the
|
|
|
required minimum clients (25 for Windows Client OSses, 5 for
|
|
|
Windows Server OSses and Office) have registered with the KMS
|
|
|
server. As long as the minimum client count has not been
|
|
|
reached, clients end up in HRESULT 0xC004F038 "The count
|
|
|
reported by your Key Management Service (KMS) is insufficient.
|
|
|
Please contact your system administrator". You may use vlmcs(1)
|
|
|
or another KMS client emulator to "charge" vlmcsd. -E1 does not
|
|
|
improve emulator detection prevention. It's primary purpose is
|
|
|
to help developers of KMS clients to test "charging" a KMS
|
|
|
server.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-R renewal-interval
|
|
|
Instructs clients to renew activation every renewal-interval.
|
|
|
The renewal-interval is a number optionally immediately followed
|
|
|
by a letter indicating the unit. Valid unit letters are s (sec‐
|
|
|
onds), m (minutes), h (hours), d (days) and w (weeks). If you do
|
|
|
not specify a letter, minutes is assumed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
-R3d for instance instructs clients to renew activation every 3
|
|
|
days. The default renewal-interval is 10080 (identical to 7d and
|
|
|
1w).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Due to poor implementation of Microsofts KMS Client it cannot be
|
|
|
guaranteed that activation is renewed on time as specfied by the
|
|
|
-R option. Don't care about that. Renewal will happen well
|
|
|
before your activation expires (usually 180 days).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Even though you can specify seconds, the granularity of this
|
|
|
option is 1 minute. Seconds are rounded down to the next multi‐
|
|
|
ple of 60.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-A activation-interval
|
|
|
Instructs clients to retry activation every activation-interval
|
|
|
if it was unsuccessful, e.g. because it could not reach the
|
|
|
server. The default is 120 (identical to 2h). activation-inter‐
|
|
|
val follows the same syntax as renewal-interval in the -R
|
|
|
option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-s Installs vlmcsd as a Windows service. This option only works
|
|
|
with the native Windows version and Cygwin. Combine -s with
|
|
|
other command line options. These will be in effect when you
|
|
|
start the service. The service automatically starts when you
|
|
|
reboot your machine. To start it manually, type "net start vlm‐
|
|
|
csd".
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you use Cygwin, you must include your Cygwin system DLL
|
|
|
directory (usually C:\Cygwin\bin or C:\Cygwin64\bin) into the
|
|
|
PATH environment variable or the service will not start.
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can reinstall the service anytime using vlmcsd -s again,
|
|
|
e.g. with a different command line. If the service is running,
|
|
|
it will be restarted with the new command line.
|
|
|
|
|
|
When using -s the command line is checked for basic syntax
|
|
|
errors only. For example "vlmcsd -s -L 1.2.3.4" reports no error
|
|
|
but the service will not start if 1.2.3.4 is not an IP address
|
|
|
on your system.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-S Uninstalls the vlmcsd service. Works only with the native Win‐
|
|
|
dows version and Cygwin. All other options will be ignored if
|
|
|
you include -S in the command line.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-U [domain\]username
|
|
|
Can only be used together with -s. Starts the service as a dif‐
|
|
|
ferent user than the local SYSTEM account. This is used to run
|
|
|
the service under an account with low privileges. If you omit
|
|
|
the domain, an account from the local computer will be used.
|
|
|
|
|
|
You may use "NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService". This is a pseudo user
|
|
|
with low privileges. You may also use "NT AUTHORITY\LocalSer‐
|
|
|
vice" which has more privileges but these are of no use for run‐
|
|
|
ning vlmcsd.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Make sure that the user you specify has at least execute permis‐
|
|
|
sion for your executable. "NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService" normally
|
|
|
has no permission to run binaries from your home directory.
|
|
|
|
|
|
For your convenience you can use the special username "/l" as a
|
|
|
shortcut for "NT AUTHORITY\LocalService" and "/n" for "NT
|
|
|
AUTHORITY\NetworkService". "vlmcsd -s -U /n" installs the ser‐
|
|
|
vice to run as "NT AUTHORITY\NetworkService".
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-W password
|
|
|
Can only be used together with -s. Specifies a password for the
|
|
|
corresponding username you use with -U. SYSTEM, "NT AUTHOR‐
|
|
|
ITY\NetworkService", "NT AUTHORITY\LocalService" do not require
|
|
|
a password.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you specify a user with even lower privileges than "NT
|
|
|
AUTHORITY\NetworkService", you must specify its password. You
|
|
|
also have to grant the "Log on as a service" right to that user.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SIGNALS
|
|
|
The following signals differ from the default behavior:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SIGTERM, SIGINT
|
|
|
These signals cause vlmcsd to exit gracefully. All global sema‐
|
|
|
phores and shared memory pages will be released, the pid file
|
|
|
will be unlinked (deleted) and a shutdown message will be
|
|
|
logged.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SIGHUP Causes vlmcsd to be restarted completely. This is useful if you
|
|
|
started vlmcsd with an ini file. You can modify the ini file
|
|
|
while vlmcsd is running and then sending SIGHUP, e.g. by typing
|
|
|
"killall -SIGHUP vlmcsd" or "kill -SIGHUP `cat /var/run/vlm‐
|
|
|
csd.pid`".
|
|
|
|
|
|
The SIGHUP handler has been implemented relatively simple. It is
|
|
|
virtually the same as stopping vlmcsd and starting it again
|
|
|
immediately with the following exceptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
— The new process does not get a new process id.
|
|
|
|
|
|
— If you used a pid file, it is not deleted and recreated
|
|
|
because the process id stays the same.
|
|
|
|
|
|
— If you used the 'user' and/or 'group' directive in an ini
|
|
|
file these are ignored. This is because once you switched to
|
|
|
lower privileged users and groups, there is no way back. Any‐
|
|
|
thing else would be a severe security flaw in the OS.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Signaling is not available in the native Windows version and in the
|
|
|
Cygwin version when it runs as Windows service.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPORTED OPERATING SYSTEMS
|
|
|
vlmcsd compiles and runs on Linux, Windows (no Cygwin required but
|
|
|
explicitly supported), Mac OS X, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Dragonfly
|
|
|
BSD, Minix, Solaris, OpenIndiana, Android and iOS. Other POSIX or
|
|
|
unixoid OSses may work with unmodified sources or may require minor
|
|
|
porting efforts.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPORTED PRODUCTS
|
|
|
vlmcsd can answer activation requests for the following products: Win‐
|
|
|
dows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows 10 (up to 1607),
|
|
|
Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Server 2012, Win‐
|
|
|
dows Server 2012 R2, Windows Server 2016, Office 2010, Project 2010,
|
|
|
Visio 2010, Office 2013, Project 2013, Visio 2013, Office 2016, Project
|
|
|
2016, Visio 2016. Newer version may work as long as the KMS protocol
|
|
|
does not change. A complete list of fully supported products can be
|
|
|
obtained using the -x option of vlmcs(1).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office, Project and Visio must be volume license versions.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
FILES
|
|
|
vlmcsd.ini(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXAMPLES
|
|
|
vlmcsd -De
|
|
|
Starts vlmcsd in foreground. Useful if you use it for the first
|
|
|
time and want to see what's happening when a client requests
|
|
|
activation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vlmcsd -l /var/log/vlmcsd.log
|
|
|
Starts vlmcsd as a daemon and logs everything to /var/log/vlm‐
|
|
|
csd.log.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vlmcsd -L 192.168.1.17
|
|
|
Starts vlmcsd as a daemon and listens on IP address 192.168.1.17
|
|
|
only. This is useful for routers that have a public and a pri‐
|
|
|
vate IP address to prevent your KMS server from becoming public.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vlmcsd -s -U /n -l C:\logs\vlmcsd.log
|
|
|
Installs vlmcsd as a Windows service with low privileges and
|
|
|
logs everything to C:\logs\vlmcsd.log when the service is
|
|
|
started with "net start vlmcsd".
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
BUGS
|
|
|
An ePID specified in an ini file must not contain spaces.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AUTHOR
|
|
|
Written by crony12, Hotbird64 and vityan666. With contributions from
|
|
|
DougQaid.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CREDITS
|
|
|
Thanks to CODYQX4, deagles, eIcn, mikmik38, nosferati87, qad, Rati‐
|
|
|
borus, ...
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SEE ALSO
|
|
|
vlmcsd.ini(5), vlmcsd(7), vlmcs(1), vlmcsdmulti(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotbird64 November 2016 VLMCSD(8)
|